Thursday, October 21, 2010

Organisms, Viruses and Prions

An organism is any living thing. It must grow, develop, reproduce, maintain homeostasis, and demonstrate adaptation. Overall, a living thing is a body made up of organs, organelles, or other parts that work together to carry on the various processes of life.
Opinions differ on whether viruses are a form of life, or organic structures that interact with living organisms. They have been described as "organisms at the edge of life", since they resemble organisms in that they possess genes and evolve by natural selection, and reproduce by creating multiple copies of themselves through self-assembly. They lack genes but have a cellular structure, which is often seen as the basic unit of life. However, they do not have their own metabolism and require a host cell to make new products (although some bacterial species are considered living organisms despite the same limitation). Furthermore, accepted forms of life use cell division to reproduce, whereas viruses spontaneously assemble within cells.
A prion is a disease-causing agent that is neither bacterial nor fungal nor viral and contains no genetic material. It is a protein (not an organism) that occurs normally in a harmless form. By folding into an aberrant shape, the normal prion turns into a rogue agent. It then coopts other normal prions to become rogue prions.

Sunday, October 3, 2010

Amphioxus

From Èlia Benito-Gutiérrez http://www.biolsci.org/v02p0149.htm (Rearranged in her words):
Since the evolution of the nervous system in the Animal Kingdom is currently under major debate in Evolutionary Developmental Biology and Comparative Embryology, the elaboration of extremely complex nervous systems is a major success of evolution; however, little data have helped yet to unravel how a nervous system develops and evolves to complexity thus making the amphioxus a key position to tackle this exciting issue. Whatever its actual position, as the sister group of vertebrates, as the earliest chordate, or as (less likely) the earliest deuterostome, its privileged phylogenetic position sets amphioxus in the appropriate place to cast light on some of the main transitions that occurred during animal evolution: the origin of deuterostomes, the origin of Chordates, or the origin of vertebrates, all of them correlated with novel evolutionary features, and some of them linked to the elaboration of the most complex nervous systems.
"Amphioxi are seldom more than 8 cm (3 inches) long and resemble small, slender fishes without eyes or definite heads." http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/21580/amphioxus

Tuesday, September 28, 2010

Polywater

"Polywater was supposed to be an alternate form of ordinary H2O in which the molecules were linked to produce a strange new substance, denser and far more viscous than water, which remained a liquid all the way from -70 degrees Fahrenheit to almost 500 degrees."
-Felix Franks
http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/author/default.asp?aid=2272

"Several polywater samples were prepared by the standard methods and have the same physical and spectroscopic properties as those made in other laboratories. However, a variety of chemical analyses show high concentrations of impurities which may account for many of the anomalous properties."
-D. L. Rousseau
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970Sci...167.1715R

Friday, September 24, 2010

Fake website

www.eafpdragonballaf.com/news/news.html

No contact info (after 2 years!), an ad to an unheard of pokemon game (Don't they release in pairs anyway?)
a storyline that is shallow as others who claim to be fake, the series layout "isn't done" and the contents isn't w/ the producers.